Table IV.
Combined NRT: Summary Results from Randomized Clinical Trials of at Least Six Months
| Study [citation #] | Combination NRT | Control1 | Total N2 | Treatment Duration | Relative Risk | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Six Months3 | Longest Follow-Up | |||||
| Piper [89] 2009 | Patch + Lozenge | Patch, Lozenge | 789 | 8 weeks (patch); 12 weeks (lozenge) | 1.2 (vs. patch) 1.2 (vs. lozenge) | 6 months (see left) |
| Smith [90] 2009 | Patch + Lozenge | Patch, Lozenge | 822 | 8 weeks (patch); 12 weeks (lozenge) | 1.5 (vs. patch) 1.4 (vs. lozenge) | 6 months (see left) |
| Puska 1995 [92] | Gum + patch | Gum + placebo patch | 300 | 18 weeks (patch); 12 months (gum) | 1.3 | 1.4 (52 weeks) |
| Kornitzer 1995 [93] | Patch + gum | Patch + placebo gum | 299 | 24 weeks | 1.8 | 1.4 (52 weeks) |
| Cooney 2009 [94] | Patch + gum | Patch + placebo gum | 96 | 12 weeks (patch); 24 weeks (gum) | 1.7 | see below4 |
| Blondal 1999 [95] | Patch + spray | Patch + placebo spray | 239 | 5 months (patch); 1yr (spray) | 2.0 | 1.9 (6 yrs.) |
| Croghan 2003 [96] | Patch + spray | Patch, Spray | 1384 | 6 weeks | 1.2 (vs. patch); 1.3 (vs. spray) | 6 months (see left) |
| Bohadana 2000 [97] | Inhaler + Patch | Inhaler + placebo patch | 400 | 26 weeks (inhaler); 6 weeks (patch) | 1.1 | 1.4 (52 weeks) |
| Tonnesen 2000 [98] | Inhaler + Patch | Inhaler, Patch | Patch | Up to 9 months | 0.6 (vs. patch); 1.5 (vs. inhaler) | 0.4 (vs. patch); 0.7 (vs. inhaler) (12 months) |
1
Other comparison groups may have been included; only monotherapy NRT group(s) included here
2
Total sample size across groups of comparison (study may have included other groups, with larger N)
3
Most common follow-up across all studies listed
4
Abstinence rates were 13% (combination) vs. 0% (patch alone). Unable to calculate relative risk based on 0% abstinence rate in control condition