Table 4.
Exposures | Level of intake | P trend | Per 1 serving/week | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dairy protein | |||||||
Intake (g/day)* | 13 | 19 | 24 | 31 | 40 | ||
No. of BBD cases§/pys¶ | 137/51,792 | 137/52,144 | 123/51,833 | 152/51,869 | 133/52,190 | ||
Multivariate RR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (ref) | 1.01 (0.80, 1.29) | 0.92 (0.72, 1.17) | 1.13 (0.89, 1.43) | 0.99 (0.78, 1.27) | 0.77 | |
| |||||||
Total dairya | |||||||
Intake (servings/day) | <1 | 1–<2 | 2–<3 | 3–<4 | ≥ 4 | ||
No. of BBD cases§/pys¶ | 75/27,810 | 172/67,998 | 150/52,146 | 166/64,101 | 119/47,773 | ||
Multivariate RR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (ref) | 0.98 (0.74, 1.30) | 1.12 (0.83, 1.50) | 0.99 (0.74, 1.33) | 0.99 (0.71, 1.37) | 0.87 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) |
| |||||||
Total milkb | |||||||
Intake (servings/day) | <1 | 1–<2 | 2–<3 | ≥ 3 | |||
No. of BBD cases§/pys¶ | 258/96,333 | 126/54,651 | 256/92,765 | 42/16,079 | |||
Multivariate RR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (ref) | 0.87 (0.70, 1.08) | 1.02 (0.85, 1.23) | 0.95 (0.67, 1.33) | 0.78 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.07) | |
Additional adjustment for vitamin D† | 1.00 (ref) | 0.93 (0.74, 1.18) | 1.33 (1.01, 1.73) | 1.41 (0.91, 2.17) | 0.03 | 1.11 (1.01, 1.23) |
Values for calcium, dairy calcium, and dairy protein are medians of nutrient intakes in each quintile, adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method. Values for non-dairy calcium are medians of raw nutrient values in each quintile.
682 cases of proliferative BBD (with or without atypia) were diagnosed during the follow-up period 1991–2001.
The multivariate models are adjusted the same way as in Table 2. The age-adjusted results are essentially the same, and only multivariate adjusted results are presented.
Includes milk, yogurt, instant breakfast drink, yogurt, cottage or ricotta cheese, cream cheese, other cheese (including grilled cheese sandwich, cheeseburgers, etc.), sherbet, ice cream, and milkshake or frappe. Butter is not included.
Includes chocolate milk and regular milk.