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. 2012 Mar 16;18(2):261–328. doi: 10.1080/10807039.2012.650582

Table 7.

Hazard quotients for maximum-exposed Harlequin Ducks.a,b

Factor Below Threshold
NOAEL HQ LOAEL HQ NOAEL LOAEL
Base Model Oiled
Adult Female
   Summer 0.00231 0.00022 434 4461
   Winter 0.00236 0.00023 424 4358
Adult Male
   Summer 0.00237 0.00024 422 4120
   Winter 0.00241 0.00025 415 4049
Juvenile Female
   Summer 0.00258 0.00025 388 3989
   Winter 0.00242 0.00023 414 4256
Juvenile Male
   Summer 0.00266 0.00027 376 3676
   Winter 0.00247 0.00025 405 3959
Base Model Reference
Adult Female
   Summer 0.00167 0.00016 599 6162
   Winter 0.00171 0.00017 585 6020
Adult Male
   Summer 0.00172 0.00018 583 5691
   Winter 0.00175 0.00018 572 5589
Juvenile Female
   Summer 0.00187 0.00018 535 5503
   Winter 0.00175 0.00017 571 5875
Juvenile Male
   Summer 0.00192 0.00020 520 5074
   Winter 0.00179 0.00018 560 5465
a

Hazard Quotient is the ratio of an assimilated dose to the TRV, where HQ ≥ 1 indicates the exposure could lead to chronic effects and HQ < 1 indicates no ecologically relevant adverse chronic effect would occur.

b

Maximum-Exposed Harlequin Duck receives the 99.9% quantile (1-in-1000th) highest exposures out of the simulated population of 500,000 seaducks.