FIGURE 3.

Immediate-recall memory of conditioned courtship is impaired in heterozygous DmGluRA¹¹² mutant flies. Immediate-term memory was measured by placing a trained male in a holding chamber for 0–2 min after training, then subsequently placing him in a testing chamber with a virgin female target for a 10 min courtship interval. The resulting CI is compared to the CI obtained for naïve courtship. Mean CIs (± SEM) are plotted; Ns are indicated above each bar for all groups. For levels of significance, ***p < 0.001. Control DmGluRA^2b flies (filled black bars) and control OreR background flies (striped bars) exhibited intact immediate-recall memory as demonstrated by a significant depression of courtship activity in the trained versus the naïve groups. The DmGluRA¹¹² mutant flies (open bars) did not demonstrate a suppression of courtship activity after training and therefore had impaired immediate-recall memory.