Table 4.

Summary of Observations on the Effects of Various Chemical Reagents in Decellularization of Porcine Myocardium

	Positive effects	Negative effects
EDTA	Chelates Ca+2, Mg+2, and Zn+2; inhibits integrin function, disrupting cell adhesion to ECM28; prevents unwanted degradation of ECM by residual matrix metalloproteases; prevents and solubilizes blood clots	Unknown
SDS	Lyses and solubilizes plasma membranes; solubilizes and denatures cellular proteins	Does not denature or remove nucleic acids; removes GAG
NaOH	Solubilizes and denatures cellular proteins; denatures and removes nucleic acids; removes residual SDS	Removes laminin, degrades collagen IV and fibronectin

EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; NaOH, sodium hydroxide.