Figure 4. Evaluation of heterobivalent ligand binding.

There are two different approaches by which heterobivalent binding can be evaluated. One approach uses two different cell types (Figure A1 & A2); one that expresses a single complimentary receptor and another that expresses both of the complimentary receptors, while another approach uses the same cell type but blocks binding at one receptor by addition of an agent (Figure B1 & B2).