Table 3.
Challenges to interdisciplinary team work identified by teams
Code name | Code description | Inclusion | Exclusion |
---|---|---|---|
Clarity of vision, uncertainty and changes to service |
The extent to which values are shared by team members including goals and objectives of the team and definitions of the service. |
Including uncertainty at strategic level, external pressure to change and ways of managing change. |
Excluding issues around clear delineation of individual roles and better understanding of others' roles/professions (5). |
Excluding individual goals (6). | |||
Communication and relationships-external |
Communication and relationships with external organizations/services and senior management. |
Knowledge of other services. Including external factors which affect the team and the influence of the team on external services and organizations. |
Excluding issues related to change and uncertainty (3). |
Communication and relationships-internal |
General team relationship and communication issues. |
Including team integration, clear knowledge of others' roles and meetings. |
Excluding joint working, sharing skills & knowledge and reflective practices (8). |
CPD, rotation and career progression |
Activities aimed at professional development: training, knowledge, skills, rotation, secondment and opportunities for promotion and progression. |
Including individual goals and personal issues, for example, anxiety and self-worth. |
|
Facilities, resources, procedures and administration |
Issues relating to facilities, resources and working practices and procedures. |
|
Excluding capacity/team size, workload & time-management (11). |
Joint-working |
Activities related to staff members working together and observing each others’ work. |
Including joint visits and assessments and shadowing opportunities. |
|
Management, leadership, decision-making and autonomy |
Explicit mentions of managers and management or leaders and leadership and euphemisms (for example. higher level), especially regarding decision making and coordination. |
Includes processes of decision making within the team including decisions being made by superiors and having autonomy to make own decisions |
Excluding issues covered by other codes for example, working procedures (7), staffing levels (11), clarity of goals (3), communication (4 and 5), de-briefing .procedures (13) and so on. |
Morale and motivation |
Issues reported to positively or negatively affect the morale of team members. |
Including motivation, job satisfaction, enjoyment, pride and so on. |
|
Patient treatment, communication, capacity and outcomes |
Referral procedures/criteria, capacity and demand issues. |
Including patient interventions and outcomes, and measurements of effectiveness. |
Excluding communication and relationships with external services and organizations (4). |
|
|
Including throughput of patients, care-needs and issues of workload and time-management. |
|
Including communication and relationships with patients and family members. | |||
Role mix, professional roles and responsibilities |
Issues regarding the variety of roles and distribution of responsibilities currently within the team. |
Including the balance between maintenance of professional roles and the need for generic working. |
Excluding professional development (6) or service development activities (that is, developing/distributing skills and knowledge) (13). |
Excluding team size (11), team work issues (5). | |||
Excluding lack of clarity of roles (5). | |||
Excluding functions ordinarily performed by external services (4). | |||
Service development activities |
Service development and team building activities. |
Including case reviews and other reflective practices (for example, de-briefing procedures). |
|
Including specific skill development across the team (for example, supporting changing roles). | |||
Including group knowledge translation activities, for example, journal clubs and visits to other services. |