Table 3. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) averaged over all loci, between estuaries and open coast sites for each estuary.

	Source of variation	d.f.	SS	Variance component	% of variation
(a)	Port Stephens
	Between Estuary and Open coast	1	7.18	0.0504	4.82	*
	Among sites within	2	1.47	0.0042	0.40
	Among individuals within sites	252	251.24	0.9976	95.57	*
(b)	Broken Bay
	Between Estuary and Open coast	1	3.84	0.0101	0.85
	Among sites within	3	15.37	0.0686	5.79	*
	Among individuals within sites	291	327.16	1.1257	95.06	*
(c)	Port Jackson
	Between Estuary and Open coast	1	2.98	0.0023	0.19
	Among sites within	4	12.78	0.0355	2.96	***
	Among individuals within sites	346	401.95	1.1673	97.24	*
(d)	Botany Bay
	Between Estuary and Open coast	1	2.20	0.0014	0.13
	Among sites within	5	12.57	0.0229	2.09	*
	Among individuals within sites	437	466.74	1.0696	98.04	*

^* = P<0.00001.