Fig. 4.

RT-PCR analysis for mRNA expression of various cytokines after γSEA protein treatment in HaCaT cells. HaCaT cells were incubated for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after γSEA protein (100 ng/ml) treatment. (A) RT-PCR analysis for mRNA expression of various cytokines and GAPDH was performed. (B) The density of each band was measured by a scanning densitometry and then expressed as the mean±standard deviation. The red box denotes significant upregulation and the green box denotes minimal upregulation of mRNA expression. M: marker, C: control, IL: interleukin, TNF: tumor necrosis factor, RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, γSEA: recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin A.