Figure 6.

EMSA and Transient Transfection Analyses for Heterodimeric Complexes of Rice MIKC*-Type Proteins.

(A) to (D) EMSA assays show that MADS62/MADS68 and MADS63/MADS68 dimers directly bind to fragments of putative promoter regions of Os05g11790 (A), Os06g49860 (B), Os01g47050 (C), and Os10g26470 (D). The positions of the N10-type CArG-boxes site in the promoter regions are shown (top panels). DNA fragments (each shown in left of bottom panel) were labeled as probes and unlabeled DNA fragments in 20-fold excess were added as competition probes. The shifted bands are indicated with arrowheads.

(E) to (G) Transient transfection assays indicate that heterodimers of MIKC*-type proteins activate LUC reporter gene expression under the control of putative promoters of Os05g11790 (F) and Os06g49860 (G) in Arabidopsis protoplasts. The luciferase activity of protoplasts transfected with empty effector and reporter vectors (E) was set to 1×, and other values for the different constructs combinations were normalized relative to this value. Data show mean ± sd (n = 3).

[See online article for color version of this figure.]