Table 3.
Risk model for re-exploration for bleeding and deep sternum wound infection
| |
Re-exploration for bleeding |
Deep sternum wound infection |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IsolatedCABG | Valve | Aorta | Isolated CABG | Valve | Aorta | |
| Age (≦60,61≦65,66≦70,71≦75,76≦80,81≦) |
1.09 |
1.13 |
1.07 |
|
1.15 |
|
| BSA × 10 |
0.93 |
0.93 |
|
|
|
|
| Male gender |
|
1.44 |
1.27 |
|
|
|
| BMI (30≦) |
|
|
|
|
2.19 |
2.66 |
| Smoking history (Yes) |
|
━ |
|
|
━ |
1.51 |
| Current smoker (Yes) |
|
1.23 |
|
|
|
|
| Diabetes control(Yes) |
|
|
|
1.27 |
1.28 |
1.44 |
| Renal failure(Yes) |
1.94 |
|
|
1.77 |
1.53 |
|
| Dialysis (Yes) |
|
|
|
|
1.54 |
|
| Hypertension(Yes) |
|
|
|
1.26 |
|
|
| Infectious endocarditis (Yes) |
━ |
|
|
━ |
|
2.53 |
| Infectious endocarditis (Active) |
━ |
|
1.93 |
━ |
|
|
| COPD (Mild, Moderate, Severe) |
|
|
|
1.94 |
|
1.74 |
| Carotid artery lesion (Yes(unilateral, bilateral)) |
━ |
|
|
━ |
1.69 |
|
| Extracardiac arteriopathy (Yes(Thoracic aorta, Peripheral artery including abdominal aorta)) |
|
1.37 |
1.28 |
|
|
|
| Extracardiac arteriopathy (Peripheral artery including abdominal aorta) |
|
|
━ |
1.46 |
|
━ |
| Consciousness Disorder within 24 hours (Yes) |
|
1.59 |
|
|
2.49 |
|
| Previous surgery (CABG)(Yes) |
5.17 |
2.25 |
2.13 |
2.06 |
1.69 |
1.76 |
| Congestive heart failure (Yes) |
|
1.37 |
|
1.45 |
|
|
| Cardiogenic shock (Yes) |
1.46 |
1.66 |
1.43 |
1.65 |
1.80 |
|
| Arrhythmia (Yes) |
|
|
|
|
1.28 |
|
| NYHA(II and over) |
━ |
|
1.79 |
━ |
|
|
| Inotropic Agents(Yes) |
|
|
|
|
1.83 |
1.80 |
| Mitral Stenosis (Yes) |
|
1.28 |
━ |
|
|
━ |
| 3 vessel disease |
1.29 |
|
|
1.52 |
1.59 |
|
| 2 or more vessel disease |
━ |
━ |
|
━ |
━ |
1.95 |
| LV Function(Medium) |
|
|
1.16 |
|
|
|
| LV Function(bad) |
1.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Aortic Insufficiency(IIand over) |
|
|
1.24 |
|
|
|
| Mitral Insufficiency (IIand over) |
━ |
|
|
━ |
1.22 |
|
| Tricuspid Insufficiency (IIand over) |
━ |
1.29 |
|
━ |
|
|
| Operation status (Emergent, Salvage) |
1.75 |
|
1.43 |
|
|
|
| Operation status (Urgent, Emergent, Salvage) |
━ |
|
|
━ |
|
1.78 |
| CABG (Yes) |
━ |
1.24 |
1.81 |
━ |
1.59 |
|
| Unplanned CABG(Yes) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Aortic valve surgery (Yes) |
|
1.32 |
|
|
|
1.39 |
| Aortic valve surgery (Replacement) |
━ |
|
1.59 |
━ |
|
|
| Combined valve surgery |
━ |
1.21 |
━ |
━ |
|
━ |
| Aortic Aneurysm Type(Dissection) |
━ |
━ |
1.38 |
━ |
━ |
|
| Aortic Aneurysm Type(Pseudoaneurysm) |
━ |
━ |
|
━ |
━ |
2.09 |
| Cause of operation(Rupture) |
━ |
━ |
1.62 |
━ |
━ |
1.40 |
| Operation site (Arch) |
━ |
━ |
1.4 |
━ |
━ |
2.12 |
| Operation site (Root) |
━ |
━ |
|
━ |
━ |
1.45 |
| Operation site (Ascending) |
━ |
━ |
|
━ |
━ |
1.47 |
| Operation site (Thoracoabdominal) |
━ |
━ |
1.65 |
━ |
━ |
|
| Maze operation (Yes) | ━ | ━ | 1.88 | ━ | ━ | |
━; not included in questionnaire, BSA; body surface area, BMI; body mass index, COPD; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVA; cerebrovascular accident, TIA; transient ischemic attack, RIND; reversible ischemic neurological deficit, CCS; Canadian cardiovascular society classification, NYHA; New York heart association, LV; left ventricle.