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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2013 Mar 9;8(3):739–755. doi: 10.1007/s11481-013-9447-7

Figure 6. Activation of CREB by NaB in primary human astrocytes and by cinnamon in vivo in the cortex of mice.

Figure 6

Cells were incubated with 250 μM NaB or NaFO for different time periods followed by monitoring the activation of CREB (A) and NF-κB (B) by EMSA. C) Supershift assay was performed using antibodies against CREB. IgG was used as control. Mice (n=5 in each group) received different amounts of cinnamon powder (Cinnamonum verum) via gavage and after 10 d of feeding, levels of phospho-CREB and total CREB were monitored in the cortex by Western blot (D). Bands were scanned and presented as relative to control (E). Data are means ± SEM of five mice per group. sp < 0.001 vs control. Control mice received only vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose). Cortical sections were also double-labeled for NeuN & phospho-CREB (F). Results represent analysis of two sections of each of five mice per group.