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. 2012 Sep 30;52(4):1381–1391. doi: 10.1007/s00394-012-0447-9

Table 1.

Demographics and characteristics of all randomized subjects at baseline

	All subjects (n = 48)
Age (years)^a	38.5 ± 14.0
BMI (kg/m²)^a	25.6 ± 3.3
Mean systolic BP (mm Hg)^a	112.1 ± 10.7
Mean diastolic BP (mmHg)^a	70.1 ± 7.7
Mean heart rate (bpm)^a	72.5 ± 7.7
Lutein^a
Total lutein (μmol/L)	0.198 ± 0.086
all-E-lutein (μmol/L)	0.166 ± 0.071
Zeaxanthin^a
Total zeaxanthin (μmol/L)	0.067 ± 0.036
all-E-zeaxanthin (μmol/L)	0.052 ± 0.026
Gender—female^b	24 (50.0 %)
Race/ethnicity^b
Asian-oriental	2 (4.2 %)
Black	2 (4.2 %)
Caucasian	42 (87.5 %)
East Indian	2 (4.2 %)
Alcohol use^b
Daily/weekly	13 (27.1 %)
None	7 (14.6 %)
Occasional	28 (58.3 %)
Tobacco use^b
Current	7 (14.6 %)
Former	14 (29.2 %)
Never	27 (56.3 %)

^aContinuous variables are displayed as mean with standard deviation

^bCategorical variables are displayed as n (%)