Table 4.
Results from multivariable negative binomial regression models for the relationship between presence of metabolic syndrome and extent of severe periodontal disease (counts of tooth-sites per person with PPD≥5 mm) among a study population of Gullah African Americans with type 2 diabetes (N=283).
| Parameter | Full multivariable model (Deviance/df = 0.99) | Final multivariable model (Deviance/df = 0.97) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| β | SE | P | RR and 95% CI | β | SE | P | RR and 95% CI | |
| Intercept | −0.34 | 2.29 | 0.88 | -------- | −3.39 | 0.74 | <.0001 | -------- |
| Metabolic syndrome: yes | 0.79 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 2.21 (0.96-5.08) | 0.78 | 0.41 | 0.06 | 2.18 (0.98-4.87) |
| HbA1c ≥7% | 0.14 | 0.27 | 0.60 | 1.15 (0.68-1.95) | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 1.26 (0.76-2.07) |
| Total teeth | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 1.03 (0.98-1.08) | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.53 | 1.01 (0.97-1.06) |
| BMI: 25-30 (kg/m2, overweight) | 0.55 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 1.73 (0.66-4.47) | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.31 | 1.62 (0.64-4.11) |
| BMI: ≥30 (kg/m2, obese) | −0.20 | 0.48 | 0.68 | 0.82 (0.32-2.10) | −0.17 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.84 (0.35-2.02) |
| BMI: data missing | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.39 | 1.84 (0.45-7.46) | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.35 | 1.91 (0.49-7.44) |
| Smoking status: current | −0.01 | 0.36 | 0.9722 | 0.99 (0.48-2.02) | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- |
| Smoking status: past | −0.25 | 0.36 | 0.49 | 0.78 (0.39-1.57) | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- |
| Gender: female | −0.76 | 0.31 | 0.01 | 0.47 (0.26-0.85) | −0.65 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.52 (0.30-0.92) |
| Age (years) | 0.004 | 0.01 | 0.76 | 1.004 (0.98-1.03) | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- |
| CRP (mg/ml as loge) | 0.32 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 1.37 (1.07-1.76) | 0.31 | 0.11 | <.01 | 1.37 (1.09-1.71) |
| Serum albumin (g/dl as loge) | −2.57 | 1.69 | 0.13 | 0.08 (0.003-2.10) | ------ | ------ | ------ | ----- |
| Dispersion parameter | 3.63 | 0.39 | ------ | ----- | 3.69 | 0.40 | ------ | ----- |
SE = Standard error, RR= rate ratio, CI= confidence interval, P ≤ 0.05