Table 1.

Ca²⁺-Dependent Effectors Involved in the Fusions Between Lysosomes, Autophagosomes and/or Endosomes.

Ca2+-dependent effectors	Organelles participating in the fusion event	Molecular details of their role	References
ALG-2	Late endosomes and lysosomes	Interacts with TRPML1 channel	[99]
Annexin A1	Early endosomes	Requires Ca2+ to induce fusion in vitro	[141]
Annexin A2	Early endosomes	Mediates membrane interactions between early endosomes	[142]
Annexin A5	Autophagosomes and lysosomes	Translocates, under starvation, to lysosomes in a Ca2+-dependent way	[136]
Annexin A6	Late endosomes and lysosomes	Requires Ca2+ and calpains for fusion	[143]
Calmodulin	Late endosomes and lysosomes Early endosomes	Its binding to Ca2+ leads to interactions with specific targets	[84]
CAMKII	Early endosomes	Calmodulin target	[97]
EEA1	Early endosomes	Interacts with calmodulin and SYNTAXIN 13	[92]
HRS	Early endosomes Autophagosomes and lysosomes	Inhibits fusion when Ca2+ release abolishes its interaction with SNAREs	[134] [133] [98]
SYNTAXIN 13	Early endosomes	Interacts with Ca2+/calmodulin to promote early endosome fusions	[98]