Table III.

Mixed-effects models of Positive Affect, n = 461 and Σ_ijn_ij=3462 and Σ_ijkn_ijk=14150, maximum likelihood estimates (standard errors)

	Random Intercept	Mixed-effects Location Scale Model
		two-level			three-level
Parameters	Mean (β)	Mean (β)	BS (λ)	WS (τ)	Mean (β)	BS (λ)	WS-BD (α)	WS-WD (τ)
Intercept	7.443*** (0.164)	7.389*** (0.156)	-0.268 (0.192)	0.608*** (0.108)	7.385*** (0.156)	-0.284 (0.204)	-1.123*** (0.240)	0.421*** (0.115)
Smoker	-0.133 (0.133)	-0.087 (0.128)	-0.068 (0.169)	0.144 (0.087)	-0.097 (0.128)	-0.041 (0.177)	0.636*** (0.167)	0.083 (0.092)
PropSmk	-0.267 (0.628)	-0.261 (0.624)	0.667 (0.875)	-0.574 (0.415)	-0.254 (0.628)	0.709 (0.914)	-2.753** (0.906)	-0.322 (0.439)
NovSeekC	0.103 (0.080)	0.054 (0.080)	-0.256** (0.094)	0.131* (0.053)	0.054 (0.081)	-0.282** (0.098)	0.244* (0.111)	0.113* (0.056)
NegMoodRegC	0.589*** (0.079)	0.589*** (0.076)	-0.092 (0.098)	-0.163** (0.052)	0.589*** (0.077)	-0.067 (0.102)	-0.288** (0.110)	-0.143** (0.055)
Male	0.228* (0.111)	0.180 (0.106)	-0.146 (0.130)	-0.230** (0.073)	0.182 (0.106)	-0.176 (0.135)	-0.007 (0.148)	-0.260*** (0.077)
Grade10	0.036 (0.105)	-0.012 (0.102)	-0.290* (0.123)	-0.146* (0.069)	-0.006 (0.102)	-0.289* (0.128)	-0.181 (0.142)	-0.148* (0.073)
AloneBS	-1.485*** (0.273)	-1.311*** (0.267)	1.145*** (0.319)	0.304 (0.180)	-1.314*** (0.267)	1.096** (0.338)	-0.269 (0.374)	0.401* (0.191)
AloneWS	-0.490*** (0.027)	-0.369*** (0.023)		0.053 (0.028)	-0.353*** (0.023)			0.041 (0.031)
WeekEnd	0.209*** (0.037)	0.198*** (0.023)		-0.073* (0.030)	0.203*** (0.031)		-0.162 (0.177)	-0.055 (0.033)
WS variance of scale ${\sigma }_{\omega }^2$		0.458*** (0.035)				0.506*** (0.039)
Covariance σνω		-0.303*** (0.040)				-0.315*** (0.042)
-2logL	52093		50560				50077
AIC	52119		50620				50155
BIC	52172		50744				50317

^***p < 0.001

^**p < 0.01

^*p < 0.0