Table 1.
| Total Weighted N = 22,409 | 95% CI 20,888−23,930 | Heartburn ≥3d/week + Weighted N = 3,934 | 95% CI 2,853−5,015 | Heartburn ≥3d/week − Weighted N = 18,475 | 95% CI 16,847−20,102 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 8,852 (39.5) | 33.8−45.4 | 1,172 (29.8) | 17.3−46.1 | 7,667(41.5) | 35.2−48.1 |
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| Mean Age, y | 43.2 | 40.8−45.6 | 46.4 | 41.5−51.3 | 42.5 | 39.9−45.2 |
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| Body Mass Index (Kg/m2) | 29.03 | 28.12−29.94 | 31.00 | 28.80−33.20 | 28.61 | 27.61−29.61 |
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| Male: Waist/Hip Ratio | 0.89 | 0.88−0.90 | 0.91 | 0.88−0.94 | 0.89 | 0.87−0.90 |
| Female: Waist/Hip Ratio | 0.87 | 0.86−0.88 | 0.87 | 0.84−0.90 | 0.87 | 0.86−0.88 |
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| Socioeconomic | ||||||
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| Educational Attainment (%) | ||||||
| < High School | 6,476 (28.9) | 23.9−34.4 | 1,180(30.0) | 18.4−44.8 | 5,284 (28.6) | 23.2−34.7 |
| High School Graduate | 14,207 (63.4) | 57.5−68.9 | 2,219 (56.4) | 40.9−70.7 | 11,990 (64.9) | 58.6−70.8 |
| College Graduate | 1,725 (7.7) | 4.9−12.0 | 535 (13.6) | 4.8−33.3 | 1,201 (6.5) | 4.0−10.2 |
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| Marital Status (%) | ||||||
| Single | 16,941 (75.6) | 69.9−80.6 | 2,954 (75.1) | 58.9−86.3 | 14,004 (75.8) | 69.5−81.1 |
| Divorced | 2,711 (12.1) | 8.2−17.4 | 586 (14.9) | 5.7−33.6 | 2,125 (11.5) | 7.5−17.1 |
| Separated | 650 (2.9) | 1.7−5.0 | 122 (3.1) | 1.1−8.6 | 517 (2.8) | 1.5−5.3 |
| Married | 2,106 (9.4) | 6.6−13.3 | 271 (6.9) | 3.0−15.1 | 1,829 (9.9) | 6.7−14.5 |
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| Household Income (USD) (%) | ||||||
| No earnings | 7,609 (34.0) | 28.6−39.8 | 936 (23.8) | 13.6−38.2 | 6,688 (36.2) | 30.1−42.7 |
| < 20K | 10,622 (47.4) | 41.3−53.5 | 1,920 (48.8) | 34.1−63.7 | 8,702 (47.1) | 40.4−53.9 |
| 20K−50K | 3,675 (16.4) | 12.3−21.6 | 1,054 (26.8) | 14.8−43.6 | 2,623 (14.2) | 10.2−19.5 |
| >50K | 493 (2.2) | 1.2−3.9 | 24 (0.6) | 0.1−4.7 | 462 (2.5) | 1.4−4.5 |
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| Apartment Living (%) | 7,709 (34.4) | 29.0−40.3 | 1,043 (26.5) | 15.6−41.2 | 6,669 (36.1) | 30.0−42.6 |
| Health Insurance (%) | ||||||
| None | 4,594 (20.5) | 16.1−25.6 | 728(18.5) | 9.3−33.4 | 3,861 (20.9) | 16.2−26.6 |
| Mcare/Mcare HMO | 1,569 (7.0) | 1.8−11.5 | 586 (14.9) | 5.5−34.6 | 998 (5.4) | 3.1−9.1 |
| Mcaid/Mcaid HMO | 12,885 (57.5) | 49.8−67.8 | 2,294 (58.3) | 42.9−72.3 | 10,605 (57.4) | 48.6−69.1 |
| Commercial/Com HMO | 3,137 (14.0) | 9.4−20.7 | 327 (8.3) | 2.8−23.5 | 2,808 (15.2) | 9.9−23.0 |
| VA | 179 (0.8) | 0.3−2.1 | 0 (0.0) | 0.0−1.1 | 185 (1.0) | 0.4−2.6 |
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| Lifestyle Behaviors | ||||||
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| Physical Activity Level (%)* | ||||||
| Low | 2,598 (13.2) | 9.7−17.7 | 865 (22.0) | 12.3−36.1 | 2,088 (11.3) | 7.8−16.0 |
| Medium | 8,695 (38.8) | 33.0−44.9 | 1,377 (32.5) | 21.2−46.4 | 7,408(40.1) | 33.6−46.9 |
| High | 10,756 (48.0) | 42.0−54.1 | 1,786 (45.4) | 31.4−60.3 | 8,979 (48.6) | 42.0−55.3 |
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| Tobacco Dependence (%) ** | ||||||
| Non-Smoker | 9,569 (42.7) | 36.7−48.9 | 1,475 (37.5) | 24.3−53.0 | 8,092 (43.8) | 37.2−50.6 |
| Low | 6,745 (30.1) | 25.0−35.8 | 1,314(33.4) | 21.5−47.8 | 5,432 (29.4) | 23.9−35.6 |
| Medium | 5,087 (22.7) | 18.1−28.0 | 960 (24.4) | 14.6−37.9 | 4,120 (22.3) | 17.3−28.2 |
| High | 1,188 (5.3) | 3.2−8.7 | 185 (4.7) | 1.2−16.9 | 1,016 (5.5) | 3.2−9.2 |
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| Likelihood of Prescription or Illicit Drug Abuse† (%) | ||||||
| Low | 18,331 (81.8) | 77.1−85.7 | 3,552 (90.3) | 81.8−95.1 | 14,780 (80.0) | 74.5−84.5 |
| Moderate | 2,398 (10.7) | 7.9−14.4 | 244 (6.2) | 2.8−13.3 | 2,162(11.7) | 8.4−16.0 |
| High | 1,681 (7.5) | 5.0−11.3 | 138 (3.5) | 1.1−10.9 | 1,552 (8.4) | 5.4−12.8 |
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| Harmful Drinking Behavior‡ (%) | 2,756 (12.3) | 9.2−16.2 | 692 (17.6) | 9.5−30.3 | 2,069 (11.2) | 8.0−15.4 |
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| Medical Care | ||||||
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| Primary Care Physician (%) | 17,636 (78.7) | 73.5−83.2 | 3,269 (83.1) | 69.0−91.6 | 14,374 (77.8) | 72.0−82.7 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 1,860 (8.3) | 5.6−12.1 | 555 (14.1) | 6.5−28.0 | 1,312(7.1) | 4.5−11.0 |
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| Medications (%) | ||||||
| Calcium Channel Blocker | 1,367 (6.1) | 3.4−10.7 | 386 (9.8) | 4.6−19.7 | 998 (5.4) | 2.5−11.0 |
| Beta-Agonist | 2,510 (11.2) | 7.8−16.0 | 810 (20.6) | 11.6−34.0 | 1,700 (9.2) | 5.7−14.5 |
| Anti-Cholinergic | 2,062 (9.2) | 6.5−12.9 | 327 (8.3) | 3.7−17.6 | 1,737 (9.4) | 6.4−13.7 |
| NSAID | 2,689 (12.0) | 8.8 16.0 | 661 (16.8) | 9.1−28.8 | 2,032 (11.0) | 7.7−15.3 |
*
Adapted from Paffenberger
**
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
†
The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) is a 28-item self-report scale that consists of items that parallel those of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). The DAST has “exhibited valid psychometric properties” and has been found to be “a sensitive screening instrument for the abuse of drugs other than alcohol.
‡
Alcohol Use Inventory (AUDIT) – score >=8.
USD – United States Dollars