Table 2.
Proportion of adults with incident hypertension between years 7 and 20, and un-adjusted and adjusted incidence rate ratios of hypertension by housing status and race and sex (CARDIA, N = 4,342)
| Unstable housinga | Stable housing | Unadjusted incidence rate ratioc, * (95 % CI) | Adjusted incidence rate ratioc, d, * (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion with incident hypertensionb | Proportion with incident hypertensionb | |||
| Whole cohort | 96/351(27.4) | 815/3,816 (21.4) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7)** | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) |
| White women | 17/59 (28.8) | 121/1,120 (10.8) | 3.5 (2.1–5.9)** | 4.7(2.4–9.2)** |
| White men | 14/69 (20.3) | 212/983 (21.6) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.9(0.4–1.8) |
| Black women | 54/142 (38.0) | 375/1,070 (35.0) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.9(0.6–1.3) |
| Black men | 30/100 (30.0) | 263/799 (32.9) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 1.0(0.6–1.6) |
*p < 0.001 for interaction for housing instability by race and sex; **p < 0.005
aHousing unstable is defined as living in overcrowded conditions, moving eight or more times in 2 years, or occupying a place without paying rent or money, measured at year 5
bProportion with incident hypertension between years 7 and 20
cReference, adults living in stable housing
dAdjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, marital/partnered status, children, smoking, cocaine, amphetamine, excess alcohol use, BMI, and study site at each visit between years 5 and 20