Ar | surface area concentration of rough coating shell | [m2 m−3] |
As | surface area concentration of smooth coating shell | [m2 m−3] |
A2 | surface area concentration of coating particles | [m2 m−3] |
a1 | surface area of coating monomer | [m2] |
a2 | surface area of coating particle | [m2] |
a2f | surface area of fully-coalesced (spherical) coating particle | [m2] |
C | coating precursor vapor concentration | [# m−3] |
C0 | initial coating precursor vapor concentration | [# m−3] |
CR | cooling rate | [K s−1] |
Df | fractal dimension | [-] |
d2 | collision diameter of coating particle | [m] |
dcs | collision diameter of core particle (smooth) | [m] |
dcr | collision diameter of core particle (fractal-like) | [m] |
dpc | primary particle diameter of core particle | [m] |
dpcr | equivalent primary particle diameter of core agglomerate coated with rough shells | [m] |
dpcs | diameter of core primary particle (smooth) | [m] |
dpcδ | diameter of core primary particle with smooth coating shell (fractal-like) |
[m] |
dp,min | minimum sintering primary particle diameter | [m] |
dpr | primary particle diameter of rough coating shell | [m] |
dp2 | primary particle diameter of coating particle | [m] |
Fsc | fraction of smooth coating shells | [%] |
k | overall oxidation rate constant | [s−1] |
kg | gas phase oxidation rate constant | [s−1] |
ks | overall surface oxidation rate constant | [s−1] |
N1 | number concentration of coating monomers | [# m−3] |
N2 | number concentration of coating particles | [# m−3] |
Nc | number concentration of core particles | [# m−3] |
Nc0 | initial number concentration of core particles | [# m−3] |
nm | number of monomers per precursor molecule | [-] |
np2 | number of primary particles per coating particle | [-] |
npc | number of core primary particles per core particle | [-] |
npc0 | initial number of core primary particles per core particle | [-] |
npcr | number of equivalent primary particles per core agglomerate coated with rough shells | [-] |
Q | gas flow rate | [m3 s−1] |
Q0 | initial gas flow rate | [m3 s−1] |
r | volume ratio, r = v2/v1 | [-] |
T | temperature | [K] |
t | residence time | [s] |
Vr | volume concentration of rough coating shells | [m3 m−3] |
Vs | volume concentration of smooth coating shells | [m3 m−3] |
V2 | volume concentration of coating particles | [m3 m−3] |
v1 | volume of coating monomer | [m3] |
v2 | volume of coating particle | [m3] |
WF | weight fraction of coating material | [%] |