Table 1.

Mechanisms of action of contemporary and emerging MS therapies.

Drug	Mechanism of action
IFN-β and Glatiramer acetate	Inhibition of the induction and proliferation of autoreactive T cells
Fingolimod	Prevention of egress of CD4+ & CD8+ T cells, and B cells from secondary lymphoid tissues
Natalizumab	Blockade of transmigration of autoreactive T cells into the CNS
Rituximab	Depletion of B cells and attenuation of antibody independent proinflammatory B cell functions
Alemtuzumab	Depletion of CD4+ & CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes
Daclizumab	Expansion in CD56bright NK cells; inhibition of activated T-cell proliferation