Table 2.

Baseline differences among African-American and white participants in reasons for seeking cocaine treatment and in treatment goals and expectations

Characteristic	Study 1						Study 2
	African American (N=53)		White (N=58)		Test statistic	df	African American (N= 65)		White (N=46)		Test statistic	df
	N	%	N	%			N	%	N	%
Reason for seeking treatmenta
Another person	17	36	25	47	χ2=1.2	1	11	18	12	27	χ2=1.0	1
Employment issues	26	55	31	59	χ2=.1	1	13	22	20	44	χ2=6.2*	1
Money issues	39	80	40	74	χ2=.4	1	22	37	27	60	χ2=5.6*	1
Legal issues	7	16	13	25	χ2=1.3	1	13	22	11	24	χ2=.1	1
Health issues	30	63	43	80	χ2=3.6	1	28	47	26	58	χ2=1.3	1
Emotional issues	38	79	48	89	χ2=1.8	1	37	62	37	82	χ2= 5.2*	1
Family issues	46	92	48	89	χ2=.3	1	38	63	36	80	χ2=3.4	1
Treatment goal for cocaine usea					χ2=1.6	2					χ2=1.4	2
Completely stop	49	96	51	92			58	97	43	96
Weekly or monthly use	1	2	4	8			2	3	1	2
Controlled use	1	2	1	2			0	0	1	2
Expectation of abstinencea					χ2=.2	2					χ2=5.2	2
Not likely to stop or might stopa	6	12	8	15			16	27	15	33
Probably will stop	11	22	11	20			16	27	19	42
Very likely to stop or definitely will stopa	33	66	35	65			27	46	11	24
Expected time to improvementa					χ2=.9	1					χ2=1.0	1
Less than one month	41	82	40	74			81	78	35	59
One month or more	9	18	14	26			24	41	14	31
Expectation of what will help
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (mean±SD)a,b	3.3±.8		3.2±.6		F=.01	1, 105	3.0±.7		3.1±.7		F=.50	1, 100
Medication and clincial management (mean ±SD)a,b	2.6±.9		2.4±.9		F=.89	1, 100	2.4±1.0		2.3±1.0		F=.39	1, 100
Interpersonal therapy (mean±SD)a,b	2.1±1.1		1.9±1.1		F=.76	1, 105	2.5±1.0		2.3±1.1		F=.79	1, 100

^aData were not available for all participants.

^bExpectations were measured using a series of Likert-scaled questions. Scores ranged from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating a higher expectation that that type of therapy would help.

^*p<.05