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. 2013 May 6;110(21):8465–8470. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1222144110

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

CGAL1 and CGSL4 cause extensive damage to second instar pea aphid midgut epithelium. (A) Light micrographs of midgut cross sections, and (B) transmission electron micrographs, showing the impact of CGAL1 and CGSL4 on the midgut epithelium relative to that of control and Cyt2Aa-fed aphids. Micrographs show the intact gut epithelial cell (EC), intact apical surface of the gut epithelial membrane with microvilli (M) projecting into the gut lumen (L) in aphids fed on control diet (Control). The microvilli of Cyt2Aa-fed aphids showed some damage, consistent with the low level of toxicity seen again A. pisum with this toxin. The integrity of the gut epithelia of aphids fed on CGAL1 and CGSL4 was severely compromised. LEC, lysed epithelial cells.