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. 2013 May 6;110(21):8744–8749. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1221294110

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

CPK5 mediates early defense reactions and pathogen resistance. (A) CPK5, but not kinase-deficient CPK5m, expressed in transgenic Col-0 plants, improves resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pst DC3000. Bacterial counts were taken in 6-wk-old Col-0, 35S::CPK5-YFP#7 and 35S::CPK5m-YFP#15 plants at day 0 and day 3 after inoculation of Pst DC3000. c.f.u., colony forming units. Error bars, SD (n = 12); one-way ANOVA, Dunnett posttest, ***P < 0.001. (B) CPK5 controls expression of the early flg22-induced gene NHL10. Basal gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in 6-wk-old plants of Col-0, cpk5, and rbohd mutants and in transgenic CPK5- and CPK5m-expressing lines. Error bars, SEM (n ≥ 12); ***P < 0.0001. (C) CPK5 triggers flg22-induced ROS production. ROS production was determined over 60 min via a luminol-based assay with and without treatment with 200 nM flg22 in plants as in B and the cross resulting from the rbohd mutant and the transgenic CPK5-expressing line #7. RLU, relative light units; error bars, SEM (n = 8); one-way ANOVA, Dunnett posttest, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.