Table 2. Age estimates (in YBP) of STR and HVS variation for the most common haplogroups in the Italian data set.
| Y Chromosome Haplogroups | SD | SE | Age estimate | SE |
| E-V13 | 146.46 | 51.78 | 3662 | 1295 |
| Cluster3 (SEI 70.3%) | 139.52 | 49.33 | 3488 | 1233 |
| G-P15 | 600.79 | 212.41 | 15020 | 5310 |
| Cluster1 (NWI 71.4%) | 144.31 | 51.02 | 3608 | 1276 |
| Cluster3 | 505.72 | 178.80 | 12643 | 4470 |
| Cluster4 (SEI 90.9%) | 111.40 | 39.39 | 2785 | 985 |
| Cluster5 (SEI 88.9%) | 240.62 | 85.07 | 6016 | 2127 |
| I-M26 | 206.11 | 72.87 | 5153 | 1822 |
| Cluster 1 (SAR 95.0%) | 48.26 | 17.06 | 1207 | 427 |
| Cluster 2 (SAR 81.3%) | 227.81 | 80.54 | 5695 | 2014 |
| R-U152 | 137.29 | 48.54 | 3432 | 1214 |
| Cluster2 (NWI 95.5%) | 199.16 | 70.41 | 4979 | 1760 |
| Cluster4 (NWI 70.8%) | 184.29 | 65.16 | 4607 | 1629 |
| R-L2 | 129.67 | 45.85 | 3242 | 1146 |
| Cluster1 (NWI 90.0%) | 250.32 | 88.50 | 6258 | 2213 |
| Cluster2 (NWI 72.0%) | 185.52 | 65.59 | 4638 | 1640 |
| Cluster3 (NWI 71.4%) | 148.55 | 52.52 | 3714 | 1313 |
| R-P312 | 302.55 | 106.97 | 7564 | 2674 |
| Cluster1 (NWI 70.6%) | 130.05 | 45.98 | 3251 | 1149 |
Standard deviation (SD) estimator (Sengupta et al. 2006) and ñ statistic calculator (Soares et al. 2009) were used for Y-chromosome and mtDNA haplogroups respectively. Ages were estimated for the entire haplogroups as well as for each DAPC cluster with at least 10 individuals and frequencies >70% in NWI, SEI, or SAR (excepted for G-P15, cluster 2, see Methods).