Fig. 1.

Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD, dash line) measured at 3 mm behind the optic globe using ocular ultrasonography (A) and cerebral blood flow velocity measured at the left middle cerebral artery using transcranial Doppler (B) in a liver transplant patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure (case 1). Note that the ONSD (6.4 mm) is dilated, suggesting increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Also, note that the second systolic peak (Windkessel effect) is lost, the systolic peak is sharp and narrow, and the diastolic cerebral blood flow velocity is low, suggesting a high ICP.