Table 3.
Significant univariable associations between outcomes related to animal husbandry and infection control practices and risk factors reported by pet-owning households (Ontario, Canada)
|
Outcome (species)1 |
All children < 5 yrs (Exposed; N)2 |
All children ≥ 5 yrs (Unexposed; N)2 |
Risk Exposed |
Risk Unexposed |
Odds Ratio3 |
95% CI3 |
P-value3 |
| Any children have access to the litter boxes (cat) | |||||||
| |
4 |
40 |
25.0% |
78.4% |
0.1 |
0.02-0.4 |
0.0004 |
| Any children clean up feces (cat) | |||||||
| |
0 |
18 |
0% |
35.3% |
0.07* |
0-0.5 |
0.002 |
| Any children touch pet (cat) | |||||||
| |
13 |
52 |
72.2% |
100% |
0.04* |
0-0.3 |
0.001 |
| Never sleep in children’s bed (cat) | |||||||
| |
10 |
14 |
83.3% |
26.9% |
12.9 |
2.4-135.9 |
0.001 |
| Any children clean-up feces (dog) | |||||||
| |
0 |
28 |
0% |
36.8% |
0.05* |
0-0.3 |
0.0002 |
| Ever lick children’s face (dog) | |||||||
| |
20 |
45 |
87.0% |
61.6% |
4.1 |
1.1-23.5 |
0.04 |
|
Outcome (species)1 |
Higher Risk Member (Exposed; N)4 |
No Higher Risk Member (Unexposed; N)4 |
Risk Exposed |
Risk Unexposed |
Odds Ratio3 |
95% CI3 |
P-value3 |
| Within past 3 months, any off leash at a dog park (dog) | |||||||
| |
15 |
29 |
12.3% |
25.2% |
0.4 |
0.2-0.9 |
0.02 |
| Household very attached (dog) | |||||||
| |
106 |
109 |
88.3% |
97.3% |
0.2 |
0.04-0.8 |
0.01 |
| Dump aquarium water in bathtub, shower, kitchen sink, or bathroom sink (fish) | |||||||
| |
6 |
12 |
25.0% |
60.0% |
0.2 |
0.05-0.9 |
0.04 |
| Household very attached (bird) | |||||||
| 6 | 0 | 54.6% | 0% | 11.5* | 1.3-Inf | 0.02 | |
1Univariable exact logistic regression used to model the likelihood of each husbandry and infection control outcome as a function of selected risk factors (all children < 5 yrs; higher risk member in household). Each row represents a separate regression model.
2Performed for children-specific outcomes. Comparison between households with all children < 5 yrs (exposed) and households with all children ≥ 5 yrs (unexposed).
3Odds ratio, 95% confidence interval of the odds ratio (95% CI), and P-value computed using exact logistic regression.
4Comparision between households with ≥ 1 higher risk members [i.e., < 5 yrs, ≥ 65 yrs, ever diagnosed with an immunocompromising condition (exposed)] and households without higher risk members (unexposed).
*Median unbiased estimate computed since odds ratio calculated to be infinite.