Table 5.
Multilevel Logistic Regressions of Satisfaction With Life After SCI
| Dissatisfaction With Life* |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Model IIa | Model IIb | Model IIc | Model IIIa | Model IIIb | Model IIIc |
| Intercept (γ00) | 0.67 (0.54–0.82)† | 0.56 (0.40–0.79)‡ | 0.67 (0.52–0.87)‡ | 0.61 (0.49–0.75)† | 0.54 (0.39–0.75)† | 0.63 (0.49–0.82)‡ |
| Community-level predictors | ||||||
| SES (γ01) | 1.04 (0.93–0.99)‡ | 1.05 (1.02–1.08)‡ | 1.06 (1.03–1.09)† | NA | NA | NA |
| Urban (γ01) | NA | NA | NA | 2.74 (1.73–4.36)† | 2.61 (1.58–4.32)† | 3.11 (1.93–5.02)† |
| Individual-level predictors | ||||||
| Injury characteristics | ||||||
| Complete paraplegia§ | 1.36 (1.02–1.83)∥ | NA | NA | 1.36 (1.01–1.81)∥ | NA | NA |
| Complete tetraplegia§ | 1.29 (0.94–1.77) | NA | NA | 1.21 (0.76–1.94) | NA | NA |
| Incomplete tetraplegia§ | 1.20 (1.76–1.90) | NA | NA | 1.21 (0.76–1.94) | NA | NA |
| Age at injury | 1.01 (1.01–1.02)‡ | NA | NA | 1.01 (1.01–1.02)‡ | NA | NA |
| Injury duration | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | NA | NA | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | NA | NA |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Hispanic¶ | NA | 1.50 (0.86–2.60) | NA | NA | 1.32 (0.76–2.29) | NA |
| Black¶ | NA | 1.18 (0.92–1.52) | NA | NA | 1.10 (0.87–1.40) | NA |
| Other ethnicity¶ | NA | 1.55 (0.77–3.12) | NA | NA | 1.46 (0.72–2.94) | NA |
| Man (vs woman) | NA | 0.77 (0.61–0.97)∥ | NA | NA | 0.77 (0.62–0.97)∥ | NA |
| Single# | NA | 1.36 (0.97–1.91) | NA | NA | 1.32 (0.93–1.88) | NA |
| Divorced/widowed/separated# | NA | 1.55 (1.15–2.09)‡ | NA | NA | 1.52 (1.13–2.04)‡ | NA |
| SES characteristics | ||||||
| Low education** | NA | NA | 1.24 (0.87–1.78) | NA | NA | 1.19 (0.84–1.69) |
| Moderate education** | NA | NA | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | NA | NA | 1.01 (0.80–1.27) |
| Employed (vs not) | NA | NA | 0.33 (0.22–0.50)† | NA | NA | 0.35 (0.23–0.52)† |
| Between-community variation | ||||||
| Intercept (τ00) | 0.08‡ | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07†† | 0.07†† | 0.08∥ |
NOTE. Values expressed as odds ratio (95% confidence interval) unless noted otherwise.
Abbreviations: γ00, random intercept; γ01, risk for each outcome; NA, not applicable.
*
Omitted reference group is satisfied with life.
†
P<.001
‡
P<.01.
§
Omitted reference group is incomplete paraplegia.
∥
P<.05.
¶
Omitted reference group is non-Hispanic white.
#
Omitted reference group is married.
**
Omitted reference group is high education.
††
P<.10.