Table 1.

Demographic and Metabolic Characteristics of Ashkenazi Probands, Offspring, and Controls

Trait	Probands, n = 205	Offspring, n = 145	Controls, n = 288	p Value, Offspring vs Control
				*	†
Female (%)	69	55	58	0.58
Age, y	98 ± 0.2	68.2 ± 0.6	74.0 ± 0.5	<.0001	<.0001
Age range, y	95–109	53–92	44–93
Glucose, mg/dL	101 ± 2	94 ± 3	93 ± 2	.76	.57
Insulin, mg/dL	27.9 ± 3.3	22.6 ± 3.2	17.8 ± 1.8	.19	.14
CRP	0.76 ± 0.18	0.44 ± 0.08	0.34 ± 0.03	.16	.11
Cholesterol, mg/dL	189 ± 3	209 ± 3	200 ± 3	.03	.09
Triglycerides, mg/dL	139 ± 5	149 ± 8	126 ± 4	.002	2e-3
Apo-A1, mg/dL	141 ± 3	156 ± 3	156 ± 3	.94	.59
Apo-B, mg/dL	100 ± 2	104 ± 2	101 ± 2	.38	.52
VLDL-TG, mg/dL	85 ± 5	82 ± 7	74 ± 3	.17	.06
VLDL particle size, nm	49.4 ± 0.9	48.8 ± 1.3	47.1 ± 0.3	.38	.52
LDL, mg/dL	109 ± 5	116 ± 3	117 ± 2	.8	.76
LDL1, mg/dL	78.6 ± 4.3	69.6 ± 4.6	70.6 ± 3.1	.85	.79
LDL3, mg/dL	13.3 ± 2.6	29.3 ± 3.5	29.7 ± 2.4	.93	.94
LDL particle size, nm	21.4 ± 0.1	21.0 ± 0.1	21.1 ± 0.1	.55	.91
HDL, mg/dL	55.5 ± 1.2	63.8 ± 1.6	58.4 ± 1.1	.005	.13
Large HDL, mg/dL	32.2 ± 1.8	29.4 ± 1.8	32.1 ± 1.2	.21	.47
Small HDL, mg/dL	15.3 ± 0.6	20.3 ± 0.7	16.0 ± 0.5	<.0001	.18
HDL particle size, nm	9.47 ± 0.05	9.10 ± 0.05	9.30 ± 0.05	.005	.01
Chylomicrons, mg/dL	2.65 ± 0.56	2.27 ± 0.84	0.73 ± 0.16	.01	.06

Notes: Data are expressed as means ± SE. Crude means are shown. TG, which were not normally distributed, were log-transformed for analysis but presented as untransformed raw values. LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; VLDL = very low-density lipoproteins.

^* p Values between offspring versus control unadjusted.

^† p Values between offspring versus control adjusted for age and sex (glucose [mg/dL], insulin [mg/dL], CRP, cholesterol [mg/dL], triglycerides [mg/dL], VLDL-TG [mg/dL], LDL [total levels, 1 and 3; mg/dL], HDL [total levels, large and small; mg/dL], VLDL particle size [nm], LDL particle size [nm], HDL particle size [nm], Chylomicron [mg/dL]).