Fig. 4.

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency reduces egg-laying capacity and lifespan, and increases the length of the life cycle in C. elegans. (A) Total number of eggs per worm, (B) the length of the life cycle (h), and (C) the lifespan were determined in the control (black bar) and B₁₂-deficient (white bars) F5 worms. Data represent mean ± SD of 10 independent experiments. Different letters (a–d) indicate values that are significantly different (p < 0.01); identical letters indicate values that are not significantly different.