Fig. 3.

Temporal mRNA expression profiles of circadian clock-related genes in the liver of mice fed with a ketogenic diet (KD). Mice were fed with normal (ND; unfilled circles) or KD (filled circles) diets for 14 days under LD 12:12 (lights on at 0 h) and then total RNA was extracted from livers after sacrifice. Messenger RNA levels were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Maximal value for ND mice is expressed as 100%. Values are shown as means ± SEM (n = 4). Significant differences between groups are indicated as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Horizontal open and solid bars, day and night, respectively.