Table 3.
Summary of Intervention Characteristics
| Author, year | Therapy | # sessions | Session length | Session frequency | Modality | Therapist | Treatment fidelity? | Therapy completed [n (%)] | Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barnhofer et al., 2009 [29] and Hargus et al., 2010 [31] | MBCT (n = 16) | 8 | 2 hours | Weekly | Group | MBCT therapists | Yes | 14 (88%) | TAU (n = 14) |
| Barrett et al., 2001 [32] and Frank et al., 2002 [3] | PST (n = 80) | 6 | 30 min | Ever 2 weeks | Individual | PhD psychologist | Yes | 64 (80%) | Placebo (n = 81) |
| Dowrick et al., 2000 [4] | PST (n = 128) | 6 | 30 min | NR | Individual | Psychologists, nurses, allied health professionals | Yes | 80 (63%) | Waitlist (n = 189) |
| Laidlaw et al., 2008 [33] | CBT (n = 21) | 8 | NR | NR | Individual | Master’s-level psychologist | Yes | 20 (95%) | TAU (n = 23) |
| Lynch et al., 1997 [34] | PST (n = 15) | 6 | 20 min | Weekly | Individual; telephone | Graduate students | No | 11 (73%) | Usual care (n = 14) |
| Lynch et al., 2004 [35] | PST (n = 18) | 6 | NR | Weekly | Individual; telephone | Nurses | Yes | NR | Usual care (n = 18) |
| Mynors-Wallis et al., 1995 [36] | PST (n = 30) | 6 | 30 min | Every 2 weeks | Individual | Experienced psychiatrist and trained GPs | No | 28 (93%) | Placebo (n = 30) |
| Mynors-Wallis et al., 2000 [37] | PST+Med (n = 35) | 6 | 30 min | Every 2 weeks | Individual | Research practice nurse | No | 34 (97%) | Med alone (n = 36) |
| Nezu, 1986 [38] | PST (n = 12) | 8 | 1.75 hours | Weekly | Group | Graduate students | Yes | 11 (92%) | Waitlist control (n = 9) |
| Scott et al., 1997 [39] | CBT (n = 24) | 6 | 30 min | Weekly | Individual | CBT therapist | Yes | 18 (75%) | Usual care (n = 24) |
| Simon et al., 2004 [40] and Simon et al., 2009 [41] | CBT+TCM (n = 195) | 8 | 35 min | Every 1.5 weeksa | Individual; Telephone | Master’s-level psychologist | No | 167 (86%) | TCM (n = 207) |
| Ward et al., 2000 [42] and King et al., 2000 [43] | CBT (n = 63) | 6 | 50 min | Weekly | Individual | Experienced psychologists | Yes | 56 (89%) | Usual care (n = 67) |
| Williams et al., 2000 [44] and Frank et al., 2002 [3] and Katon et al., 2002 [45] | PST (n = 138) | 6 | 30 min | Every 2 weeks | Individual | PhD psychologist, social workers, master’s-level counselors | Yes | 108 (78%) | Medication; placebo (n = 140) |
| Wilson, 1982 [28] | CBT (n 32)b | 7 | 1 hour | Weekly | Individual | Graduate students | NR | 21 (66%) | Minimal contactc (n ≈ 32)b |
| Wilson, 1983 [27] | CBT (n = 16) | 8 | 1 hour | Weekly | Individual | NR | No | 12 (75%) | Waitlist (n = 9) |
a
Weekly sessions for first 4 weeks, with frequency ranging from every 1 to 4 weeks for remaining four sessions.
b
Estimate based on data provided in article.
c
Minimal contact consisted of two 1-hour nondirective therapy sessions to coincide with medication refills.
Italicized studies were included in the Cuijpers or Cape review, or both.
Abbreviations: CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy (includes cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy), MBCT = mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, min = minutes, NR = not reported, PST = problem-solving therapy, TAU = treatment as usual, TCM = telephone case management