TABLE 3.
Main diseases associated with C. perfringens in human and animals
| Type | Major toxin(s) | Human disease(s) | Animal disease(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Alpha-toxin | Human myonecrosis (gas gangrene) | Gas gangrene in sheep, cattle, horses, and other spp.; yellow lamb disease in sheep |
| Alpha-toxin, CPE | Human food poisoning; non-food-borne GI diseases | Enteritis in dogs, pigs, horses, foals, and goats | |
| Alpha-toxin, NetB | Not reported | Necrotizing enteritis in chickens | |
| Alpha-toxin, CPB2 | Not reported | Possible enteritis in pigs; possible enterocolitis in horses | |
| B | Alpha-toxin, beta-toxin, epsilon-toxin | Not reported | Necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia in sheep, cattle, and horses |
| C | Alpha-toxin, beta-toxin | Human enteritis necroticans | Necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia in pigs, lambs, calves, foals, and other spp. (usually neonatal) |
| D | Alpha-toxin, epsilon-toxin | Not reported | Enterotoxemia in sheep, goats, and cattle |
| E | Alpha-toxin, iota-toxin | Not reported | Enteritis in rabbits, lambs, and cattle |