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Colchicine-induced myofibroblast differentiation is not mediated by Smad activation. HLF were stimulated with 1 ng/ml of TGF-β1 or 1 μm colchicine (Colch) in the presence or absence of 10 μm SB431542 (added 30 min prior to stimulation) for the times indicated. Cells were examined for the nuclear localization of Smad2/3/4 by in vitro fractionation (A), for activation of Smad-binding element-luciferase reporter (SBE-luc) (B), and for the expression of α-SMA mRNA (C) or protein (D).
