Table 3.
Prevalence, adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of high fertility rate (4 or more live births) according to socio-demographic characteristics among Ghanaian women 15–49 years from 1988 to 2008 presented in years intervals
|
Variables |
High fertility |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
1988 |
1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
2008 |
| n (%) aOR(95% CI) | n (%) aOR(95% CI) | n (%) aOR(95% CI) | n (%) aOR(95% CI) | n (%) aOR(95% CI) | |
|
Residencea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Urban |
509(33.4) Ref |
432(25.1) Ref |
370(23.3) Ref |
527(22.2) Ref |
434(20.1) Ref |
|
Rural |
1241(41.9) 1.4(1.1-1.7) |
1221(43.0) 1.9(1.5-2.2) |
1272(39.0) 2.0(1.7-2.5) |
1352(40.8) 1.1(0.9-1.4) |
1024(37.2) 1.4(1.1-1.8) |
|
Total |
1750 |
1653 |
1642 |
1879 |
1458 |
|
Educational levela |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Never attended |
989(55.5) 4.5(1.8-11.1) |
846(53.0) 6.2(3.2-12.1) |
871(50.1) 8.8(4.8-16.2) |
986(51.4) 3.8(2.2-6.6) |
689(55.4) 7.9(4.3-14.3) |
|
Basic education |
719(30.4) 3.1(1.3-7.5) |
739(29.6) 4.3(2.2-8.4) |
711(27.0) 4.9(2.7-8.8) |
828(26.2) 2.7(1.6-4.7) |
714(24.7) 3.8(2.1-6.8) |
|
Secondary |
29(9.8) 0.6(0.2-1.6) |
53(13.4) 1.4(0.7-2.8) |
42(11.5) 2.0(1.0-4.0) |
42(9.1) 1.0(0.5-1.9) |
37(6.2) 1.3(0.7-2.6) |
|
Higher |
13(32.5) Ref |
15(20.8) Ref |
18(17.1) Ref |
22(15.3) Ref |
16(8.8) Ref |
|
Total |
1750 |
1653 |
1642 |
1879 |
1456 |
|
Income levela |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Low income |
470(51.7) 1.0(0.8-1.3) |
|
595(45.0) 1.1(0.9-1.4) |
1033(44.2) 3.0(2.3-4.0) |
821(40.8) 2.1(1.6-2.7) |
|
Average income |
202(42.6) 0.8(0.6-1.1) |
|
265(42.1) 1.3(1.0-1.7) |
365(36.9) 2.4(1.8-3.1) |
273(30.4) 1.8(1.4-2.4) |
|
High income |
385(44.4) Ref |
|
458(36.9) Ref |
481(20.4) Ref |
364(18.1) Ref |
| Total | 1057 | No data | 1318 | 1879 | 1458 |
aadjusted for age, marital status and mutually for one another; aOR = adjusted Odds ratio.