Table 3.
Random effects meta-analyses for association of adherence/compliance/persistence to dosing schedules of medications in various chronic disorders
| Disease | Dose comparison | OR (95% CI); P-value; heterogeneity |
|---|---|---|
| Adherence | ||
| Depression | OD vs BID | 3.10 (2.15–4.47); P < 0.001; I2 = 82.9% |
| Ulcerative colitis | OD vs >OD | 3.20 (0.78–13.14); P = 0.107; I2 = 39.4% |
| OD vs BID | 3.48 (1.32–9.17); P = 0.012; I2 = 64.4% | |
| HIV/AIDS | OD vs TID | 3.48 (1.36–8.90); P = 0.009; I2 = 0% |
| BID vs TID | 1.38 (0.87–2.17); P = 0. 167; I2 = 0% | |
| Across all the diseases | OD vs BID | 2.20 (1.09–4.41); P = 0.027; I2 = 95.5% |
| Across all the diseases | BID vs TID | 1.88 (0.85–4.13); P = 0.118; I2 = 61.9% |
| Across all the diseases | OD vs >OD | 3.07 (1.80–5.23); P < 0.001; I2 = 91.3% |
| Compliance | ||
| Hypertension | OD vs BID | 2.42 (1.33–4.40); P = 0.004; I2 = 0% |
| Infections | OD vs BID | 9.85 (1.96–49.43); P = 0.005; I2 = 83.4% |
| Diabetes | OD vs >OD | 2.24 (1.38–3.66); P = 0.001; I2 = 0.0% |
| Across all the diseases | OD vs BID | 4.08 (1.68–9.91); P = 0.002; I2 = 73.4% |
| Across all the diseases | OD vs >OD | 3.50 (1.73–7.08); P < 0.001; I2 = 69.0% |
| Persistence | ||
| Cardiovascular disorders | OD vs BID | 0.85 (0.65–1.11); P = 0.235; I2 = N/A |
| Across all the diseases | OD vs BID | 1.43 (0.62–3.29); P = 0.405; I2 = 96.9% |
Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; BID, twice daily; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; I2, statistical heterogeneity; N/A, not applicable; OD, once daily; OR, odds ratio; TID, three times daily; vs, versus.