Figure 3. Concatenativeanalogical grammar: sample words (a), learning process (b), and correlation between learning and domain-general memory (c) are shown.

Participants learned the two types of grammar in one language (/i/and/e/vowels triggered the application of the concatenative and analogical grammar, respectively) without any explicit instructions on how rules should be applied. The correlation between learning of these grammars and domain-general memory abilities provides further evidence of the underlying cognitive processes involved (c).