Figure 1.

Study outline. Hatched areas represent time periods outside the study protocol. The participants spent both sleeping and wake time in the laboratory on day 1 and 2 to be accustomed to the facilities. Syringe symbols denote blood samplings (filled syringe denote fasting sample). Meals were given at the same time points in both conditions: breakfast at 09:00, lunch at 13:00, snack at 15:30, dinner at 18:00, and snack at 21:00. Meals outside the laboratory were provided by our research kitchen staff. In the free living periods, the participants were encouraged to engage in everyday activities, but abstain from scheduled physical activity. ad lib., ad libitum meal test; arrival/depart., arrival or departure from the laboratory; laboratory, participants stayed at the laboratory, LS, long sleep condition (9 h from 22:00-07:00); meal, breakfast meal, SS, short sleep condition (4 h from 03:00-07:00).