Table 4. Descriptions of WHO Option A, B, and B+.

WHO option	Woman-Treatment(if CD4≤350)	Woman-Prophylaxis(if CD4>350)	Breastfeeding Infant
WHO option A Requires CD4	Triple ART	AZT from 14 weeks’ gestation, sdNVP andAZT/3TC at onset of labor, and AZT/3TCfor 7 days postpartum	Daily NVP from birth to 1 week after all exposure to breast milk has ended
WHO option B Requires CD4	Triple ART	Triple ARV from 14 weeks’ gestation until 1 weekafter all exposure to breast milk has ended	Daily NVP from birth to 6 weeks
WHO option B+ CD4 not required	Triple ART for life	Triple ART for life	Daily NVP from birth to 6 weeks

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Abbreviations: AZT (zidovudine), ART (antiretroviral therapy), ARV (antiretroviral); sdNVP (single dose nevirapine), NVP (nevirapine).

World Health Organization (2012) Programmatic Update. Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants. Executive Summary. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

Schouten EJ, Jahn A, Midiani D, Makombe SD, Mnthambala A, et al. (2011) Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and the health-related Millennium Development Goals: time for a public health approach. Lancet 378∶282–284.