Table 1.
Reference | Patient population, N |
Control population, N |
WM Task | Findings in patients with ASD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bennetto et al., 1996 | Children and teens with ASD, 19 |
Learning disordered children and teens, 19 |
|
Impaired sentence span. Impaired counting span. |
Dawson et al., 1998 | Children with ASD, 20 |
Normal children, 20 Children with Down syndrome, 19 |
|
Impaired delayed non-match to sample. |
Griffith et al., 1999 | Young children with ASD, 18 |
Normal young children, 17 |
|
-all normal- |
Koshino et al., 2005 | Adults with ASD, 14 |
Normal adults, 14 |
|
-all normal- |
Minshew et al., 2001 | Teens and young adults with ASD, 52 |
Normal teens and young adults, 40 |
|
Normal letter sequence. Impaired word sequences and oral directions. |
Mottron et al., 2001 | Children, teens and adults with ASD, 14 |
Normal children, teens and adults, 14 |
|
Intact free recall. Reduced advantage in recall for semantic cues. |
Ozonoff et al., 2001 | Children and teens with ASD, 25 |
Normal children and teens, 15 Children and teens with Tourette syndrome, 15 |
|
-all normal- |
Pourier et al., 2011 | Adults with ASD, 16 |
Normal adults, 16 |
|
Impaired performance on digit span forward and backward. |
Soulieres et al., 2011 | Teens and adults with ASD, 23 |
Normal teens and adults, 14 |
|
Enhanced block design. |
Southwick et al., 2011 | Children, teens and adults with ASD, 50 |
Normal children, teens and adults, 36 |
|
Impaired on all subtests. |
Steele et al., 2007 | Children, teens and adults with ASD, 29 |
Normal children, teens and adults, 29 |
|
Impaired performance on spatial span. |
Williams et al., 2005 | Children with ASD, 24 |
Normal children, 44 |
|
Normal verbal and auditory WM. Impaired spatial WM. |
Williams et al., 2005 | Adults with ASD, 31 |
Normal adults, 25 |
|
Normal verbal and auditory WM. Impaired spatial WM. |
Williams et al., 2006 | Children and teens with ASD, 38 |
Normal children and teens, 38 |
|
Normal digit span, and auditory WM. Impaired spatial WM. |