Table 4. Odds ratios for neonatal death according to socioeconomic characteristics.
| Independent variables | Unadjusted | Adjusted© | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI (95%) | p | OR | CI (95%) | p | |||
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
| Socioeconomic characteristics | ||||||||
| Mother’s education | ||||||||
| Illiterate© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Primary | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.96 | 0.007 | 1.01 | 0.90 | 1.14 | 0.823 |
| Secondary | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.73 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.85 | 1.09 | 0.563 |
| >Secondary | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.50 | <0.001 | 0.60 | 0.41 | 0.88 | 0.009 |
| Father’s education | ||||||||
| Illiterate© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Primary | 0.91 | 0.82 | 1.01 | 0.067 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 1.10 | 0.75 |
| Secondary | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.79 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.76 | 0.94 | 0.00 |
| >Secondary | 0.54 | 0.45 | 0.64 | <0.001 | 0.76 | 0.61 | 0.94 | 0.01 |
| Asset index | ||||||||
| Poor© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Middle | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.90 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.10 | 0.967 |
| Rich | 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.69 | <0.001 | 1.04 | 0.90 | 1.19 | 0.612 |
| Religion | ||||||||
| Hindu© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Muslim | 0.96 | 0.86 | 1.07 | 0.444 | 0.95 | 0.83 | 1.08 | 0.397 |
| Others | 0.62 | 0.53 | 0.71 | <0.001 | 0.99 | 0.83 | 1.17 | 0.881 |
| Caste/Tribe | ||||||||
| Scheduled Castes© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Scheduled Tribes | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.74 | <0.001 | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.82 | <0.001 |
| Other Backward Castes | 0.92 | 0.83 | 1.01 | 0.066 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 1.04 | 0.207 |
| General | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.77 | <0.001 | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 0.041 |
| Employment status of the mothera | ||||||||
| 1© | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 2 | 0.81 | 0.87 | 0.75 | 0.012 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 0.012 |
| 3 | 0.81 | 0.95 | 0.68 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 1.19 | 0.991 |
Notes.
p = p-value; CI (95%) = Confidence Interval at 95% level; OR = Odds Ratio; © The logistic regression model controlled for following variables as well – region, accessibility by an all-weather road, distance to the nearest private health facility, distance to the nearest public health facility, ANM/ASHA available in the village, Janani Suraksha Yojana implemented, proportion of mothers with above secondary education, proportion of rich households, improved source of water, improved toilet facility, house type, electricity, mother’s age at birth, sex of the child, birth order of the child, timing and number of ANC visits, Tetanus Toxoid injection, Iron and Folic Acid tablets/syrup, delivery place and SBA, and delivery complications.
Employment status of the mother: 1 = Agricultural worker/farmer/labourer, 2 = Unemployed, 3 = Professional/service/production.