Figure 2.

Activation differences between groups in the inferior frontal gyrus on the Stroop task upon application of a mask of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Sibling participants (n=49) demonstrated a significant deactivation in the left IFG as compared with both stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs; n=42) and controls (n=47), whereas SDIs and controls did not differ from one another in activation in this region. (a) Group differences in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation in the left IFG, representing a decrease in activation in the siblings. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean; covariates include gender, smoking status, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and BDI) scores. (b) fMRI general linear model between group contrast activation with application of the IFG mask. A significant contrast cluster emerged in the left IFG.