Table 3.

Association of Frailty Status With OGTT Glucose (mg/dL) and Insulin Measurements (μU/mL)^*

		0 min	30 min	60 min	120 min	180 min	AUC†	HOMA-IR	Matsuda Index
Glucose	Nonfrail	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	—	—
	Prefrail	−2.2 ± 4.0 (p = .58)	−13.5 ± 8.6 (p = .12)	1.8 ± 12.3 (p = .88)	3.2 ± 16.0 (p = .84)	−5.3 ± 15.7 (p = .74)	−481 ± 2,092 (p = .82)	—	—
	Frail	5.1 ± 5.8 (p = .38)	−0.8 ± 12.7 (p = .94)	44.6 ± 18.1 (p = .02)	67.1 ± 23.5 (p = .006)	44.3 ± 22.5 (p = .054)	7,128 ± 3,009 (p = .02)	—	—
Insulin	Nonfrail	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
	Prefrail	−1.2 ± 1.5 (p = .43)	−22.3 ± 12.9 (p = .09)	−7.2 ± 15.0 (p = .63)	−14.2 ± 15.3 (p = .36)	−4.3 ± 9.6 (p = .65)	−2,114 ± 1,887 (p = .26)	−0.4 ± 0.4 (p = .36)	0.7 ± 0.5 (p = .14)
	Frail	0.2 ± 2.3 (p = .93)	−24.7 ± 19.0 (p = .20)	23.0 ± 22.0 (p = .30)	45.7 ± 22.4 (p = .045)	11.8 ± 13.8 (p = .40)	2,975 ± 2,684 (p = .27)	0.2 ± 0.6 (p = .79)	−0.3 ± 0.7 (p = 0.66)

Notes: AUC = area under the curve; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test.

^*Beta coefficients (±SE) are shown. All analyses are adjusted for age and body mass index.

^†Units for glucose AUC are mg min⁻¹ dL⁻¹ and for insulin AUC are mU min⁻¹ mL⁻¹.