Table 1. Means, Standard Deviations, and Intercorrelations between the Study Variables.
| Mean | SD | Age | Sex | Education | Control Beliefs | Memory Performance |
Perceived Anxiety |
Perceived Distraction |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level | IIV | Level | IIV | Level | Level | |||||||
| Age | 47.84 | 26.24 | -- | |||||||||
| Sex | -- | -- | −.05 | -- | ||||||||
| Education (years) |
15.73 | 2.78 | .58*** | −.25 | -- | |||||||
| Control Beliefs |
Level |
3.63 3.20 |
.86 .98 |
−.26
−.44 ** |
−.28* −.24 |
−.001 −.08 |
(.87***) | |||||
| IIV |
.69 .72 |
.35 .29 |
.44
**
.37 ** |
.01 −.04 |
.28* .24 |
−.39
**
−.29 * |
(.67***) | |||||
| Memory Performance |
Level |
.91 .71 |
.06 .16 |
−.24
−.36 ** |
−.20 −.23 |
.02 .05 |
.33* .35** |
−.07 −.17 |
(.67***) | |||
| IIV |
.10 .25 |
.05 .07 |
.43
**
.35 ** |
.19
.29 * |
.24 .08 |
−.25
−.34 * |
.30* .30* |
−.92
***
−.66 *** |
(.49**) | |||
| Perceived Anxiety |
Level |
1.83 1.96 |
.59 .60 |
.30* .34* |
−.06 −.01 |
.06 .15 |
−.68
***
−.65 *** |
.36** .15 |
−.30* −.19 |
.37** .20 |
(.89***) | |
| Perceived Distraction |
Level |
1.68 1.60 |
.58 .57 |
−.30* −.14 |
.07 .09 |
−.16 −.13 |
−.38
**
−.40 ** |
.12 −.01 |
−.24
−.28 * |
.26 .19 |
.46
***
.53 *** |
(.84***) |
Notes: SD = standard deviation; IIV = intraindividual variability; Sex: 1 = male; 2 = female; the values in italics correspond to the n-back variables; the values in bold correspond to memory updating variables; on the diagonal, the values in parentheses correspond to the correlations between n-back and memory updating for each of the six variables of interest: level of control beliefs, IIV in control beliefs, level of memory performance, IIV in memory performance, level of perceived anxiety, and level of perceived distraction.
***
p< .001
**
p< .01
*
p< .05