Table 2. G-quartet oligonucleotides targeting STAT3 and STAT5 in cancer.

Preclinical cancer models	Target protein	Key findings
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma14	STAT3	Reduced expression of STAT3 target genes, induced apoptosis and inhibited growth in vitro and in vivo
Prostate cancer18	STAT3	Induced apoptosis and reduced expression of target genes in vitro
Non-small cell lung cancer51	STAT3	Downmodulated expression of STAT3, p-STAT3 and Bcl-XL and induced apoptosis in vitro