Figure 6.

The IL-1ßlow/HMGB1 combina-tion signals through the IL-1RI receptor to upregulate PGE2 and cytokine production. SFs were cultured in the presence of IL-1ß alone or in complex with HMGB1. IL-1RI receptor antagonist, Anakinra, was added 1–2 h before stimulation of inflammation at 5 μg/ml. A) PGE2 and B,C) cytokine response were measured in supernatants after 24 h of stimulation. Results are expressed as per cent of the IL-1ßlow/HMGB1 response to account for interpatient variability. Data points represent means ± SEM from four separate experiments, and P values were calculated by parametric ANOVA test (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test).