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. 2013 May 16;2013:429606. doi: 10.1155/2013/429606

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Copyright © 2013 Siddaraju M. Nanjundaiah et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and MMP activity in HLXL-treated arthritic rats. Synovial-infiltrating cells (SIC) harvested on d 18 (peak phase of arthritis) from HLXL-fed or Water-fed rats (n = 4 per group) were cultured for 24 h with or without sonicated Mtb. The levels of cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β (left panel) in culture supernatants were measured using a Multiplex assay and the results were expressed as pg/mL. MMP-9 and MMP-2 activity (right panel) was tested in the culture supernatants of Mtb-restimulated SIC cells of HLXL/Water-treated rats. Mtb: heat-killed M. tuberculosis H37Ra; Med: medium. (*P < 0.05, comparing experimental and control samples.)