Table 1.
Study 1: Anthropometric and frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (fsIVGTT) parameters, fasting plasma hormone levels, and body composition in nondiabetic subjects
| Parameter | LAGB
|
RYGB
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | |
| N (F/M) | 8 (7/1) | 9 (8/1) | ||
| Anthropometrics | ||||
| Age (years) | 47.4 ± 4.8 | 40.3 ± 3.4 | ||
| Body weight (kg) | 123 ± 6 | 113 ± 6*** | 128 ± 11 | 119 ± 9*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 45.1 ± 2.0 | 41.7 ± 1.9*** | 48.0 ± 3.6 | 44.3 ± 3.1*** |
| Weight loss (%) | 7.7 ± 0.9 | 7.4 ± 0.8 | ||
| Weight loss period (week) | 4.4 ± 0.3 | 2.6 ± 0.3†† | ||
| Glucostatic measures | ||||
| Insulin (μIU/ml) | 19.5 ± 3.0 | 11.5 ± 1.7** | 17.0 ± 4.2 | 13.3 ± 3.0 |
| C-peptide (ng/ml) | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.3* | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 2.7 ± 0.5 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 100 ± 5 | 93 ± 2 | 103 ± 5 | 95 ± 4 |
| HOMAIR (mU × mmol × l−2) | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 0.5** | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 3.2 ± 0.7 |
| Sg (× 10−2× min−1) | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.2 |
| Si (ml × μU−1× min−1) | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 3.1 ± 0.7* | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 1.0 |
| AIRg (ml−1× μU × min) | 346 ± 158 | 423 ± 109 | 451 ± 187 | 380 ± 116 |
| DI | 456 ± 107 | 1,003 ± 161*** | 813 ± 234 | 956 ± 256 |
| ACPRg (%) | 123 ± 45 | 217 ± 51** | 147 ± 39.0 | 168 ± 40 |
| Kg (% × min−1) | 1.40 ± 0.24 | 1.56 ± 0.32 | 1.55 ± 0.39 | 1.00 ± 0.28 |
| Peptides | ||||
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 41 ± 6 | 24 ± 3** | 41 ± 5 | 28 ± 3* |
| GLP-1 (pmol/l) | 5.2 ± 0.8 | 6.3 ± 1.8 | 4.7 ± 1.3 | 4.5 ± 1.4 |
| PYY (pg/ml) | 56 ± 17 | 63 ± 14 | 68 ± 18 | 50 ± 20 |
| Ghrelin (pg/ml) | 231 ± 28 | 259 ± 16 | 346 ± 69 | 334 ± 84 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 3.4 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.5 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 6.6 ± 1.0 | 9.6 ± 2.7 | 14.4 ± 3.3 | 8.9 ± 2.8 |
| Lipids | ||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 157 ± 13 | 137 ± 8 | 156 ± 5 | 130 ± 7** |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 48 ± 2 | 43 ± 2** | 47 ± 3 | 37 ± 2** |
| Total/HDL cholesterol | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.6 ± 0.3 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 90 ± 12 | 78 ± 8 | 88 ± 5 | 77 ± 8 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 96 ± 17 | 85 ± 10 | 106 ± 13 | 82 ± 14 |
| FFA (mmol/l) | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1* | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
| Body compositiona (cm2) | ||||
| SM | 158 ± 19 | 141 ± 21** | 129 ± 7 | 120 ± 7* |
| SAT | 354 ± 25 | 316 ± 31 | 573 ± 82 | 530 ± 80†,** |
| VAT | 227 ± 75 | 213 ± 67 | 159 ± 18 | 147 ± 19 |
| IMAT | 18 ± 10 | 17 ± 10 | 3 ± 2 | 7 ± 3* |
Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m.
ACRPg, acute C-peptide response to glucose; AIRg, acute insulin response to glucose; CRP, C-reactive protein; DI, disposition index; FFA, free fatty acids; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HOMAIR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IMAT, intermuscular adipose tissue; Kg, Glucose disappearance rate; LAGB, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding; LDL, low density lipoprotein; PYY, Peptide YY; RYGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; Sg, glucose-dependent glucose elimination; Si, insulin sensitivity; SM, skeletal muscle; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data are only available for four subjects in each group due to either limited field of view or inability of subject to tolerate MRI. Differences between V1 and V2 in the same group:
P < 0.05;
P < 0.01;
P < 0.001 by paired t-test.
Differences between groups at the same time-point:
P < 0.05;
P < 0.001 by mixed model analysis.