Table 2. Changes in TFA Content From 2007 Through 2011 of 270 Brand-Name US Food Products that Contained ≥0.5 g/serving TFA in 2007 and Still Marketed in 2011.
| Product | Overall (2007 to 2011) | Changes by Perioda
|
P Value for Trendc | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 to 2008 | 2008 to 2010b | 2010 to 2011 | |||
| All products | |||||
| No. of products | 270 | 270 | 270 | 270 | NA |
| Mean (SD) TFA change, g/servingd | −1.0 (1.3) | − 0.6 (1.2)* | −0.3 (0.9)† | −0.1 (0.4)‡ | <.001 |
| TFA % change, mean (SD)d , e | −48.5 (50.0) | − 30.3 (48.4)* | −12.1 (65.9)† | −3.4 (79.7)‡ | <.001 |
| Products that reduced TFA | |||||
| No. of products containing TFA at the start of the period | 270 | 270 | 231 | 203 | NA |
| No. (%) of products reducing TFA | 178 (66) | 123 (40) | 72 (31) | 31 (15) | NA |
| No. (%) that reduced to <0.5 g/serving | 146 (54) | 97 (36) | 49 (21) | 16 (8) | NA |
| No. that reduced to 0 g/serving (%)d | 73 (27) | 39 (14) | 28 (12) | 6 (3) | NA |
| Mean (SD) TFA change, g/servingd | −1.5 (1.3) | −1.5 (1.3)* | −1.3 (1.2)* | −1.0 (0.7)* | <.001 |
| Mean (SD) TFA % changed , e | −78.4 (26.1) | −75.0 (26.8)* | −71.4 (30.7)*† | −61.3 (28.1)† | .03 |
| Products containing ≥0.5 g/serving TFA that reduced TFA | |||||
| No. of products containing ≥0.5 g/serving TFA at the start of the period | 270 | 270 | 173 | 133 | NA |
| No. (%) of products reducing TFA | 178 (66) | 123 (40) | 67 (39) | 31(23) | NA |
| TFA change, g/serving, mean (SD) | −1.5 (1.3) | −1.5 (1.3)* | −1.4 (1.2)* | −1.0 (0.7)* | .10 |
| Mean (SD) TFA % changee | −78.4 (26.1) | −75.0 (26.8)* | −69.2 (30.8)* | −61.3 (28.1)* | .02 |
| Products that increased TFA | |||||
| No. of products | 13 | 17 | 19 | 15 | NA |
| Number increased from <0.5 g/serving | — | 3 | 3 | NA | |
| Mean (SD) TFA change, g/servingd | 0.7 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.4)* | 0.9 (0.5)* | 0.7 (0.5)* | .86 |
| Mean (SD) TFA % changed , e | 64.6 (59.2) | 60.0 (48.7)* | 123.9 (130.8)* | 172.8 (223.6)* | .03 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.
Values with different symbols (*, †, ‡) are significantly different from each other (P < .01) across periods; values with identical symbols are not significantly different from each other.
A 2-year period; data were not collected in 2009.
Determined from linear regression model with TFA change (either in g/serving or percentage) modeled as dependent variable and time (in years) modeled as a continuous variable.
All products listing 0 g TFA but still containing partially hydrogenated oils in the ingredients list were considered to still contain 0.25 g per serving of TFA and were not included as eliminating industrial TFA.
Mean gram per serving changes and mean percentage changes are summed at the individual product level and are thus not mathematically identical.