Table 1.

Studies reporting on the association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk stratified by race

Reference	Age	Study Design	Sample Size	Exposure	Contrast	White		AA		Adjusted Covariates
						Risk Estimate	95% CI	Risk Estimate	95% CI	A	B	H	R
Hiatt & Bawol (1984)10		PC	96,565 (all races)	Level of daily alcohol consumption	Three or more drinks per day vs nondrinking women	1.46	1.09–1.94	1.08	0.62–1.88	X
Hiatt et al (1988)11		PC	68,674 (all races) AA:76 cases W:227 cases	Level of daily alcohol consumption	Past drinker vs. Never drank	2.36	1.25–4.81	1.93	0.70–5.33	X	X
					Currently consuming 6+ drinks/day vs. nondrinker	3.55	1.07–11.79	2.80	0.35–22.58
Brinton et al (1997)16	20–54	PCC	AA: 281/296 W: 960/1033	Alcoholic drinks per week	7+ drinks vs none 20–39 yrs of age	1.1	0.6–1.9	1.9	0.7–5.5	X			P
					40–54 yrs of age	1.4	1.0–2.0	1.6	0.8–3.0
Kinney et al (2000)17	20–74	PCC	AA: 332/328 W: 524/456	Alcohol intake during current age interval	Former drinker vs. nondrinker	0.6	0.3–1.2	1.0	0.6–1.7	X	X		P
					≥182 g/week vs. Nondrinker	1.2	0.6–2.3	0.8	0.3–1.8
				Average lifetime consumption	≥182 g/week vs. nondrinker	0.9	0.4–1.9	0.7	0.3–1.6
Zhu et al (2003)18		PCC	AA: 304/305	Alcohol consumption ER methylation status		N/A				X	X	X	P
					Yes vs No
				Methylated				1.0	0.5–1.9
				Unmethylated				1.8	0.9–3.4
				Unknown status				1.6	0.9–2.9
				Methylated				2.8	0.7–10.8
				Unmethylated	>0.5 drinks/day vs none			3.1	0.9–10.6
				Unknown status				2.0	0.6–6.7

Abbreviations: PC: prospective cohort; PCC: population based case-control study; W: White; AA: African American

Key Covariates: A: age; B: Body Mass Index; H: hormone use; R: reproductive factors (age at menarche, age at menopause, parity); X: adjusted for that covariate; P: partially adjusted for reproductive factors.