Table 3.

Ethnic Differences in Barriers to Diet and Exercise (n = 297)

Barriers to Diet and Exercise	Ethnicity	n	%	Unadjusted OR (CI)	Sig.	Adjusted OR (CI)a	Sig.
Food Insecurity		295
	White	40	60.0	—		—
	Black	64	54.7	0.81 (0.36–1.79)	ns	0.51 (0.21–1.23)	ns
	Vietnamese	92	18.3	0.15 (0.07–.34)	.0001	0.11 (0.04–0.29)	.0001
	Latino	99	80.0	2.67 (1.20–5.94)	.02	1.68 (0.68–4.11)	ns
Exercise painful		282
	White	40	55.0	—		—
	Black	60	45.0	0.67 (0.30–1.49)	ns	0.59 (0.26–1.34)	ns
	Vietnamese	87	17.0	0.17 (0.07–0.39)	.0001	0.11 (0.04–0.30)	.0001
	Latino	95	44.8	0.66 (0.32–1.39)	ns	0.50 (0.22–1.12)	ns
Prefer doing other   things than exercise		282
	White	40	50.0	—		—
	Black	60	56.7	1.31 (0.59–2.92)	ns	1.30 (0.56–2.96)	ns
	Vietnamese	87	25.0	0.33 (0.15–0.73)	.006	0.29 (0.12–0.73)	.009
	Latino	95	19.8	0.25 (0.11–0.55)	.001	0.22 (0.09–0.53)	.001
Not motivated to   exercise		282
	White	40	57.5	—		—
	Black	60	45.0	0.61 (0.27–1.36)	ns	0.49 (0.21–1.15)	ns
	Vietnamese	87	10.2	0.08 (0.03–0.21)	.0001	0.06 (0.02–0.17)	.0001
	Latino	95	21.9	0.21 (0.09–0.46)	.0001	0.15 (0.06–0.36)	.0001
Dislike exercise		282
	White	40	27.5	—		—
	Black	60	21.7	0.73 (0.29–1.84)	ns	0.72 (0.27–1.88)	ns
	Vietnamese	87	11.4	0.34 (0.13–0.88)	.03	0.20 (0.09–0.90)	.03
	Latino	95	11.5	0.34 (0.13–0.87)	.02	0.32 (0.11–0.88)	.03
No transport to   exercise		282
	White	40	12.5	—		—
	Black	60	13.3	1.08 (0.33–3.56)	ns	1.00 (0.30–3.40)	ns
	Vietnamese	87	14.8	1.21 (0.40–3.67)	ns	0.76 (0.21–2.73)	ns
	Latino	95	9.4	0.72 (0.23–2.31)	ns	0.54 (0.16–1.88)	ns
Exercise costs too much		282
	White	40	17.5	—		—
	Black	60	15.0	0.83 (0.28–2.45)	ns	0.46 (0.20–2.06)	ns
	Vietnameseb	87	0.0	—		—
	Latino	95	3.1	0.15 (0.04–0.62)	.009	0.11 (0.02–0.50)	.005

Note. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

^a.Model includes gender, age, monthly income and level of education (years of schooling).

^b.None of the Vietnamese identified this barrier; therefore, Vietnamese were compared with Whites using Fisher’s exact test, p < .0001.